The answer
Breakers trip to prevent wires from overheating and causing fires. Causes:
- Overloaded circuit (connected devices exceed 15A/20A breaker rating)
- Short circuit (hot wire touches neutral/hot, causing current spike)
- Ground fault (hot wire contacts ground path)
- Arc fault (damaged cords or loose terminations detected by AFCI).
Sources
This answer is drawn from the standards and guidance below. It is general information about how these systems work — not a diagnosis of your property.